What are variable-ratio reinforcement and fixed-interval reinforcement?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Variable-ratio reinforcement is giving out a reward after a random number of behaviors. Fixed-interval reinforcement is giving out a reward after a certain amount of time has passed.
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The class is reading a case history of an individual whose reaction to the death of a loved one is described. The individual writes that he hears the voice of a dead relative. The class is asked for a diagnosis, and everyone agrees this is an example
of dysfunctional behavior. However, when the instructor disagrees, everyone is puzzled. What aspect of this case history could have led the instructor to his opinion? a. Hearing the voices of a dead relative is a metaphor for the bereavement process. b. The experience was probably drug induced and thus would not meet the criteria for a mental disorder. c. The individual is a Native American, and in their culture, they expect to hear from the spirits of dead relatives. d. The individual in question does not recognize that the symptoms are actually dysfunctional and thus would not seek therapy.
__________ is the "pregnant man" who gained national attention
a. John Money b. David Buss c. Thomas Beatie d. Lewis Terman