Any difference between experimental and control groups other than the independent variable is a ________ variable.

The "Joe Camel" campaign provides evidence of how targeted advertising impacts adolescents'

a. cigarette brand choice. b. age one begins smoking. c. attitudes toward parents. d. none of these answers are correct.

Nancy has just entered her teenage years. Although she was a good student in elementary school she recently has gotten into trouble at school because she is behaving inappropriately and she does not seem to be able to control herself well enough to

get enough sleep and complete her homework. If Nancy's difficulties are linked to the parenting style of her parents, they would most likely be described as: a. permissive parents b. authoritarian parents c. authoritative parents d. regressive parents