Assume the initial equilibrium is at point D in Figure 9-13. If the market demand curve shifts from D1 to D2, and this results in entry of new firms in the long-run, the new equilibrium in this increasing-cost industry will be
Assume the initial equilibrium is at point D in Figure 9-13. If the market demand curve shifts from D1 to D2, and this results in entry of new firms in the long-run, the new equilibrium in this increasing-cost industry will be
a.
both C and E
b.
both D and E
c.
at a price less than P1
d.
at a price higher than P1
e.
at an output greater than Q1
b
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Among the prospective rules that set target variables directly, only the nominal GDP rule
A) provides a nominal anchor. B) is easy for the Fed to achieve. C) allows a neutral response to a supply shock. D) is insulated from the effects of unstable velocity.
A "flat tax" on personal income, in which the same tax rate is applied to every dollar of income earned by each taxpayer, is an example of
A) a regressive tax. B) a proportional tax. C) a progressive tax. D) a value-added tax.