A clear-cut "rules versus discretion" debate is no longer possible because those economists advocating rules for ________, such as ________, must leave the Fed with plenty of discretionary power

If consumption expenditures are $500 million, net investment is $100 million, depreciation equals $5 million, imports are $50 million, exports are $55 million, government expenditure on goods and services is $220 million, and government transfer

payments are $20 million, then GDP is A) $790 million. B) $800 million. C) $830 million. D) $850 million.

A town wants to build a new bridge. Construction firms will submit sealed bids

The town will award the contract to the firm that submits the lowest bid and will pay the firm the amount of the second lowest bid (that is, the town will conduct a second-price procurement auction). So, for example, if Firm A bids $8 million, Firm B bids $9 million, and Firm C bids $10 million then the city will award the contract to Firm A (it submitted the lowest bid) and pay Firm A $9 million (the amount of the second lowest bid). Suppose your firm is willing to build the bridge for a minimum of $9 million. a. Show that bidding $9 million is a better strategy than bidding some amount below $9 million— say, $7 million. b. Show that bidding $9 million is a better strategy than bidding some amount above $9 million—say, $11 million.