Dr. Fried believes that it is easier for humans to learn fears for which we are physiologically predisposed, such as fear of heights or snakes. She accepts which view of the development of fear reactions?

The parvocellular pathway is sensitive to ______, whereas the magnocellular pathway is sensitive to_________

a) Motion and dim light/ colour and fine detail b) Motion and fine detail/ colour and dim light c) Colour and fine detail/ motion and dim light d) None of the above are correct

Elton's mother has been nagging that he should practice at the piano for the upcoming competition. Elton eventually complies to stop her nagging. This example illustrates _______________

a. positive punishment b. negative punishment c. positive reinforcement d. negative reinforcement