Brain stunting, a condition of decreased weight and volume and reduced neural connections, is

Fred is on a popular TV game show where you can win $1,000,000

He is currently at $16,000 and is not totally certain if he knows the answer to the $32,000 question. His decision could be influenced if the host says "You can take the $16,000 and go home, and that's a lot of money," or "$32,000 is way more money than $16,000." There is a tendency for the contestants to do whatever the host suggests, and Fred will probably be no different. This is the effect of A) an availability heuristic. B) a representativeness heuristic. C) an additive strategy. D) framing.

According to achievement motivation theory, those who prefer tasks that are of intermediate difficulty for them

A) have intermediate levels of the motive to succeed and the motive to avoid failure. B) are higher in the motive to succeed than the motive to avoid failure. C) are higher in the motive to avoid failure than the motive to succeed. D) are low in both the motive to succeed and the motive to avoid failure.