National income minus personal taxes net of transfer payments equals disposable income

How are the fundamental economic questions answered in a market economy?

A) Large corporations alone decide the answers. B) Households and firms interact in markets to decide the answers to these questions. C) Individuals, firms, and the government interact in markets to decide the answers to these questions. D) The government alone decides the answers.

Prior to and during the period of American colonization, the following occurred in Europe:

(a) Feudal rulers found it easy to force peasants and urban producers to work for them as long-distance trade expanded, the costs of warfare increased, and the land/labor ratio increased as consequence of the bubonic plague. (b) Feudal lords shared profits from output with the peasantry and pumped them into investment expenditures, which accelerated agricultural growth. (c) Conflict among lords and peasants led to many peasant and urban revolts, diverting resources away from production and investment. (d) Financial stability enabled the nobility of Europe to foster growth among feudal lands and increase the riches of both rulers and peasants, producing a period of high economic growth.