Martina believes that the group project she is working on is very important, and she observes that her group members are performing inadequately. What is Martina most likely to do?

Which of the following is a component of negative expressed emotion?

a) emotional overinvolvement b) improper use of nonverbal skills c) deliberate refusal to follow commands d) excessive patient warmth that is annoying to family members

Researcher expectancy is a problem because

a. researchers are much more likely to expect gender differences in cognitive ability than gender differences in social behavior. b. researchers' stereotypes may influence the way that the participants respond. c. it reduces the probability of finding results that have practical significance. d. it reduces the number of confounding variables.