Summarize Erik Erikson's theory of personality development revolving around psychosocial crises (childhood portion)
What will be an ideal response?
* Basic trust vs. basic mistrust (birth - 1 ½ years) consists of children learning through contact with their primary caregiver whether their environment can be trusted.
* Autonomy vs. shame and doubt (1 ½ – 3 years) consists of children developing a sense of their own control or control by external forces.
* Initiative vs. guilt consists of children beginning to evaluate the consequences of their behavior.
* Industry vs. inferiority consists of children beginning to acquire the knowledge and skills that will enable them to become productive members of society. (See Study Chart: Crises of Psychosocial Development, p. 395).
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What is the most frequent form of treatment for people who suffer from psychological disorders?
a) inpatient treatment only b) outpatient treatment only c) court-ordered outpatient treatment d) a combination of inpatient and outpatient treatment
Which of the following statements is supported by research on newborn odor preferences?
A) Newborns cannot distinguish between the smell of their mother's breast and that of an unfamiliar lactating woman. B) Bottle-fed newborns orient more to the smell of formula milk than to unfamiliar human milk. C) Even without postnatal exposure, the odor of human milk is attractive to newborns. D) Only breastfed babies prefer the smell of a lactating mother's breast to formula.