It has been argued that tied aid leads to inefficiencies in the recipient country's economy. Explain how this could occur

The debt-to-GDP ratio decreases when the primary deficit ________ or when seigniorage ________

A) increases; increases B) increases; decreases C) decreases; increases D) decreases; decreases

How can the Fed reduce a continuing inflation?

a. By slowing the continuing downward shift of the aggregate supply curve b. By increasing the money supply c. By slowing the continuing leftward shift of the aggregate demand curve d. By decreasing the required reserve ratio e. By slowing the continuing rightward shift of the aggregate demand curve.