Technological change, such as the information technology revolution of the 1990s can shift the aggregate supply curve outward. If, at the same time, the government is decreasing spending, the most likely outcome of these two factors is a(n)

The monetary base is equal to the sum of coins,

A) currency and banks' reserves at the Federal Reserve. B) currency and checkable deposits at banks. C) currency, banks' reserves at the Federal Reserve and checkable deposits at banks. D) and checkable deposits at banks. E) U.S. government securities owned by the Federal Reserve and Federal Reserve notes.

In the United States and in virtually every other country, the printing of money is

A. limited by the supplies of gold and silver the central bank holds in reserve. B. strictly a government monopoly. C. open to the free market so that different monies can compete for acceptance with one another. D. a privilege that is allowed only to banks that are members of the Federal Reserve System.