Katie and Karie are 3-year-old twins. Katie, who has never opened a door before, watches

with interest as Karie reaches for the doorknob onthe bathroom door, twists it to the left
and the right, and then pushes the door open.

Later that day, Katie confronts a closed
door. She reaches up, grabs the knob, twists, and then pushes the door open. According
to Bandura, Katie's learning of how to open a door may be described as being all of the
following EXCEPT
a. social.
b. vicarious.
c. based on observation.
d. based on a model's behavior.
e. intuitive.

e. intuitive.