Open systems are all relevant forces outside a firm’s boundaries.

Broker Oliver and broker Sherman agreed to split the commission on an open listing. Broker Oliver had a buyer, but the deal fell through. Two weeks later, broker Sherman found a buyer. Who gets the commission?

a. both equally b. just broker Sherman c. just broker Oliver d. neither is entitled to a commission because this is an open listing

When a firm begins to pay dividends, it is signalling that it always expects to have enough cash flow to maintain and increase its dividend payout

Indicate whether this statement is true or false.