According to WOM, what are the two powerful influences on European music-cultures? (Both of these influences will be discussed in WOM.)

Why did orchestras begin requiring a conductor during the early years of the nineteenth century?

a. because there was no longer a basso continuo player who could make the appropriate gestures b. someone had to coordinate the efforts of the enlarged ensemble c. a figurehead facilitated fundraising d. audiencesneeded someone to signal appropriate moments for applause e. it looked more dramatic

As one of the unique features of Gothic architecture, the ______________ made it possible for churches to become much taller than had previously been possible

a. pointed arch b. ribbed vault c. exterior buttresses d. stained glass windows e. barrel vault