The statement that any "attempt by any outside force to gain control of the Persian Gulf region . . . will be repelled by use of any means necessary, including military force" became known as the

Since the 1960s, the number of interest groups has

A) remained constant. B) risen rapidly. C) declined slightly. D) declined sharply. E) fluctuated up and down as new issues developed and others faded away.

The policy of pouring more than $13 billion in four years into western Europe to speed up post-World War II economic and social recovery was

A) the Monroe Doctrine. B) the Truman Doctrine. C) the Marshall Plan. D) "back to normalcy." E) the Kennedy Doctrine.