Which devices have become widely available in the prehospital setting and may improve oxygenation enough that intubation can be avoided?

The EMT shows he understands the use of an epinephrine auto-injector for treating a patient with an anaphylactic reaction when he makes which one of the following statements?

A) "The epinephrine auto-injector is used only when a patient is stung by a bee or suffers an insect bite." B) "It is critical that the EMT identify the cause of the allergic reaction prior to administering epinephrine through the auto-injector." C) "The epinephrine auto-injector should never be used if the patient has developed the allergic reaction after eating chocolate." D) "Epinephrine administered through an auto-injector can be used for all anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions, regardless of the cause."

You are vacationing at a mountain resort when you hear cries for help. There is a teenaged girl in the middle of a pond. She is in distress and cannot remove herself from the water. Which of the following should you attempt to do first?

A) Reach out to her with a boat oar or similar object. B) Wade out to her. C) Throw her a flotation device. D) Find a rowboat or raft and go out to the victim.