Which of the following is a mode of ventilation that is time triggered or patient triggered as well as pressure limited and time cycled?

a. Pressure-support ventilation
b. Pressure-controlled intermittent mandato-ry ventilation
c. Pressure-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation
d. Dual control continuous mandatory venti-lation

ANS: C
Time triggered means that there are ventilator-initiated breaths. Patient triggered means that the patient is allowed to do the work to trigger a ventilator breath. Each breath is ended by a set in-spiratory time. This is the description of the pressure-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation mode. All pressure-support ventilation breaths are patient triggered and flow cycled. Pres-sure-controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation breaths allow spontaneous breaths between ventilator breaths, and those breaths are flow cycled. Dual control continuous mandatory ventila-tion is a dual control mode of ventilation in which the breath may start out as pressure-limited but switch to volume-limited if the volume setting is not reached.