The most important partisan role that the president has played in recent years has been which of the following?

According to the policy-making model, which of the following statements is true of the formulation stage?

a. It involves identifying the problem that requires attention. b. It involves assessing the implemented policies. c. It involves formally announcing the policies. d. It involves terminating the policies.

Besides the president (chief executive), at the top of the federal hierarchy of labor are ______.

a. civil service supervisors b. privately hired managers c. executive political appointees d. senior executive service members