You score poorly on an exam. Whether you consider the low grade a sign to work harder, to drop the course, or to use it as an excuse to "make yourself feel better" by going shopping depends on your interpretation. Julian Rotter called this interpretation

a. fixation.
b. the psychological situation.
c. the expectancy.
d. the reinforcement value.

B

Psychology

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Recent research has found that toddlers engage not only in solitary and parallel play, but also in ____

a. complicated interpersonal play b. scaffolded play c. communal play d. simple social play

Psychology

Age or ethnicity would best be considered a(n):

A) treatment variable. B) dependent variable. C) subject variable. D) operational variable.

Psychology