When adults are surprised by a loud noise, they often show the startle reflex. In infants, the same reflex is called the ________ reflex

What do social psychologists call the tendency to rely on trait explanations of the behavior of others and to ignore the influence of situations?

a) availability heuristic b) augmenting principle c) self-fulfilling prophecy d) fundamental attribution error

People and behaviors that yield reinforcement are viewed positively; those that yield unpleasant effects are viewed negatively. Which function of attitudes does this statement describe?

a) knowledge b) adjustment c) expressive d) expression