In which of the following disciplines are students most likely—by virtue of their experiences—to sigh, "Big deal. I could have predicted that"?

What has been a primary criticism levied against infant facial coding systems, such as the

MAX or Affex? A) They have not been deemed reliable or valid as of yet. B) The systems are not a good way to assess basic infant emotions such as joy or anger, rather, they are better assessments of more complex emotions, such as envy. C) Because certain emotions, such as anger or sadness, share common features, it may be difficult to train coders to make reliable distinctions. D) Emotion ratings derived from the MAX often do not correlate with Affex codes.

All of the following research measures would be good choices for studying 1-month-old infants except

a. heart rate b. conditioned headturning c. sucking d. changes of state/alertness