__________ countries have explicit requirements about the number of parties that can participate in an election.

A country's government runs a budget deficit when which of the following occurs in a given year?

A) The amount of new loans to developing nations exceeds the amount of loans paid off by developing nations B) Government spending exceeds tax revenue C) The debt owed to foreigners exceeds the debt owed to the country's citizens D) The amount borrow exceeds the interest payment on the national debt E) Interest payments on the national debt exceed spending on goods and services

The long run is a period of

a. at least one year. b. sufficient length to allow a firm to expand output by hiring additional workers. c. sufficient length to allow a firm to alter its plant size and capacity and all other factors of production. d. sufficient length to allow a firm to transform economic losses into economic profits by hiring better workers.