Which of the following is true concerning the treatment of phobias using classical conditioning?
A) Persons fearful of flying will need to avoid flying as a way to reduce this fear.
B) Persons fearful of flying will need to associate flying with something pleasurable to reduce this fear.
C) Persons fearful of flying will first need to address the unresolved conflicts in their lives that are contributing to this phobia in order to eliminate the fear of flying.
D) Persons fearful of flying will first need to address their childhood conflicts that are contributing this phobia in order to eliminate this fear of flying.
B
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Adam is very stressed about the fact that he has not paid his taxes in several years and he knows that he owes the government several thousand dollars (that he does not have). Every time he thinks about his debt he becomes upset, so he tells himself that he is really refusing to pay taxes to protest the government's foolish spending. Adam is employing the defense mechanism of
a. reaction formation. b. rationalization. c. sublimation. d. displacement
Raenna was grounded for two weeks because she arrived home after her curfew one night. Raenna now comes home before her curfew due to
A) classical conditioning. B) operant conditioning. C) observational learning. D) social learning.