Which of the following is a special spending provision added to bills by congressional members for their individual constituencies?

In writing the majority opinion in United States v. Windsor (2013), on what constitutional principle did Justice Kennedy base the decision to overturn the Defense of Marriage Act?

a. the Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection guarantees b. the First Amendment's protection of freedom of association c. the Fifth Amendment's protections against the deprivations of equal liberty d. the Tenth Amendment's reserve power protections

It is an accepted legal principal that a person should never be held in custody except for legal cause. If there is question about the justification for holding a suspect, the suspect's attorney may secure release of the prisoner by requiring that the state demonstrate that they have legal cause for continued imprisonment. To accomplish this, the attorney would file a(n)

a. writ of habeas corpus. b. personal recognizance certification. c. application for bail. d. true bill. e. Sixth Amendment petition.