Which of these views of categorization CANNOT explain why the majority of individuals gives "carrot" as one of their first examples of a vegetable?

Images are stored in short-term memory ______

a. abstractly c. acoustically only b. visually only d. acoustically and visually

Research by Sweeny and Shepperd (2010) had students predicting their grades and measured their emotions during the prediction and after the actual grades were known. Their findings indicate:

A) Optimistic students remained positive and upbeat even when their actual scores were lower than they had predicted. B) Pessimistic students felt good about their accurate predictions and even showed positive emotions when predicting their own poor performance. C) Optimistic students reported more positive emotions when making their predictions and also felt much worse when their actual scores were lower than their predictions. D) Pessimistic students reported more negative emotions throughout regardless of their scores indicating that their attitude is not impacted by performance. E) Realistic students were the most positive, both when making predictions and viewing their grades, because their accuracy provided an emotional boost.