Evaluate the distribution for Kurtosis

Tony, age 77, married Nichole, age 24. They are not using birth control because of Tony's advanced age. You can advise them that

A) Tony probably stopped producing semen around age 70. B) Tony produces less semen and sperm, which negatively affects fertility, but he can probably still father children. C) While Tony still produces semen, he probably stopped producing sperm around age 70. D) Tony cannot maintain a sufficient erection to father a child at his age.

In order to evaluate a criterion referenced test, the test was administered to a group of students who had studied a learning unit and to another group who had not studied the learning unit. For each item on the test, the criterion for mastery would be

a. the point-biserial correlation. b. below the antimode. c. above the antimode. d. the validity coefficient.