Changes in the real interest rate affect all of the following components of aggregate expenditure except

The primary distinction between an expenditure that is on budget and an expenditure that is off budget is _____

a. that all off-budget expenditures are entitlements b. that all on-budget expenditures are public goods or quasi-public goods c. that Congress has determined the expenditures should be on budget or off budget d. a and b

The current chair of the Federal Reserve System is

a. Tim Geithner. b. Hillary Clinton. c. Ben Bernanke. d. Alan Greenspan. e. Janet Yellen