David and Alexandra both take part in a research study that is investigating the effects of sleep deprivation on reaction time. David is kept awake for 24 hours straight, while Alexandra follows her normal sleep routine. In this study, David is part of the

In order to predict whether the presence of others will help or hinder performance, one needs two pieces of information: whether ________ and whether ________

a. individual performance can be evaluated; the task is simple or complex b. arousal is present; one holds individualistic or collectivistic values c. arousal is high or low; the others are friends or strangers d. individual performance can be evaluated; arousal is high or low

One of the major points Mischel makes about personality is that

a. people behave more consistently across situations than we have thought. b. many personal traits are genetically determined. c. the idea of traits is fundamental to understanding personality. d. people are much less consistent across situations than most theorists have assumed.