While observing a patient's breathing, you note that the depth and rate first increase, then de-crease, followed by a period of apnea. Which of the following are potential causes of this abnor-mality?

1. Central nervous system disorder
2. Congestive heart failure
3. Metabolic acidosis
a. 1 and 2 only
b. 2 and 3 only
c. 1 and 3 only
d. 1, 2, and 3

ANS: A
Table 16-2 describes some of the common abnormal patterns of breathing and their causes.

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