Indirect taxes are levied on

Which of the following might cause the inflation rate to spike up sharply?

(A) Prices on world oil markets rise steeply due to war in the Middle East. (B) Plentiful rainfall and moderate temperatures result in good harvests of wheat and soybeans. (C) The purchasing power of the average consumer decreases due to a sluggish economy. (D) The items in the CPI market basket change to account for changing consumer buying habits.

If autonomous consumption decreases, which of the following combinations of events would be most likely to occur?

a. An upward shift of the aggregate expenditure line, a rightward shift of the money demand curve, and a leftward shift of the aggregate demand curve b. A downward shift of the aggregate expenditure line, a leftward shift of the money demand curve, and a leftward shift of the aggregate demand curve c. A downward shift of the aggregate expenditure line, a leftward shift of the money demand curve, and a rightward shift of the aggregate demand curve d. A downward shift of the aggregate expenditure line, a rightward shift of the money demand curve, and a rightward shift of the aggregate demand curve e. An upward shift of the aggregate expenditure line, a rightward shift of the money demand curve, and a rightward shift of the aggregate demand curve.