If a union raises initiation fees significantly and if employers in the industry hire only union workers, the supply of union labor curve will shift to the left

Which of the following is not among the first steps the textbook recommends be taken to reduce negative externalities?

A) Adjudication
B) More scientific research
C) Negotiation
D) The cultivation of civic virtues

The value of M1 was

The Economic Report of the President estimated that for 1997, the US had the following money stock components (in billions): $426 in currency; $391.7 in checking account deposits; $8.2 in travelers checks; $242.8 in other checkable deposits; $963.7 in small denomination time deposits; $1395.4 in savings accounts; $591.5 in retail money market mutual funds; $579.2 in large time deposits; $235.9 in term repurchase agreements; $139.1 in Eurodollar accounts; and $359.5 in institutional money market mutual funds. a) $434.2 b) $825.9 c) $1068.7 d) $2454.1 e) $3417.8