Martha accepts what her pastor says as the truth. Her own moral values rely on his guidance. According to Kohlberg, Martha is in which level of moral reasoning?

A key criticism of the trait perspective on personality development is that it

A) fails to explain the cause of the differences in the various trait dimensions. B) focuses too much on the role of unconscious forces in personality development. C) ignores the evil and selfishness that humans are capable of. D) lacks supportive evidence for the existence of multiple trait dimensions.

Research suggests that most "normal" people today ____

a. are increasingly more pessimistic b. think that they are about as competent as they really are c. are pessimistic and think that they are not as competent as they should be d. are both unrealistically optimistic and think that they are more competent than they really are