A) Describe an example of how fear could be learned by classical conditioning. b) Describe three methods for reversing fears, including how these methods are different
What will be an ideal response?
Essay should include:
a) A description of Little Albert who was conditioned to fear a white rat when paired with a loud noise (or similar example).
b) Counterconditioning: associating pleasant experiences with a feared stimulus
Flooding: continuous presentation of fear-inducing stimulus
Systematic desensitization: gradual exposure of the fear-inducing stimulus while person maintains relaxation.
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In a famous study discussed in your textbook, eight normal individuals were committed to a psychiatric hospital after claiming that they were experiencing hallucinations. Which of the following happened next?
A) The hospital staff continued to view them as abnormal, despite the fact that they had no symptoms. B) The hospital staff realized that they had been faking their original symptoms. C) Being in the psychiatric hospital caused them to develop real psychological symptoms after several days. D) They quickly quit the study because the conditions in the psychiatric hospital were so poor.
The _______ approach to psychological disorders suggests that we learn abnormal behaviors just as we learn other behaviors
a. cognitive b. rational c. motivation d. learning