Your friend was part of an organization that encouraged Senator Sam Brownback to convince Congress to issue reparations in the form of a formal apology. Your friend was working on behalf of what minority group?

The tipping, or threshold, models presented in Chapter 8 are used to explain why the public protests in Eastern Europe in 1989 were a surprise to most political observers, both inside and outside of Eastern Europe. According to the reading and lectures, why are revolutions always going to be a surprise?

A. revolutions tend to be irrational B. preference falsification C. revolutionary cascades D. none of these

The “spectrum of armed conflict” refers to which of the following?

a. The evolution of warfare and military tactics b. The chance of each conflict occurring being inversely proportionate to its destructiveness c. The shared normative beliefs and policy preferences of difference countries d. The tendency of most military conflicts to be resolved sooner rather than later