Explain why manipulation of an independent variable is a necessary component of an experiment
What will be an ideal response?
In an experiment, manipulation of the independent variable is necessary to avoid the directionality problem and to establish the direction of the relationship. The intent is to demonstrate that the manipulation of one variable (the independent variable) causes changes to occur in a second variable (the dependent variable).
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"Roberto acts differently from everyone else at work." In attribution theory terms, the speaker has invoked a(n) ________ cue.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Some research has found that attaching an external reward to
a task can cause children to lose their intrinsic motivation to complete that task. Other research, however, has not consistently come up with the same findings. This is a problem for which principle of critical thinking? A) Falsifiability B) Replicability C) Ruling out rival hypotheses D) Correlation vs. causation