Primary elections deprived parties of a crucial political resource: the ability to control access to elective public office by controlling nominations.

Gridlock often occurs in American politics under which of the following circumstances?

a. when partisanship declines in the executive branch b. when different branches of government are controlled by different political parties c. when the majority of state governors are from one party and the president is from the other d. when the mainstream parties are challenged by a third party for control of the White House

Some of California’s top challenges include

a. environment. b. globalization. c. education. d. all of the above.