The study on subliminal messages cited in your textbook suggests that among the subjects, 50% reported improvements in memory or self-esteem. The type of improvement, memory or self-esteem, was determined by:
A. the actual subliminal messages on the recording
B. the subject's own judgment of weakness
C. the title of the recording and not the actual content of messages on the recording
D. the experimenter manipulating the title and content
Answer: C
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What is one reason that the prevalence of dissociative identity disorder (DID) has been increasing?
A. Children in today's society are far more likely to experience severe trauma than they were in the past. B. DID has only recently received full acceptance by the psychiatric community, and thus professionals are now using this diagnosis. C. As of 1980, most insurance companies had to accept DID as a billable diagnosis. D. It may be that the prevalence of DID has not changed at all, but that clinicians may unknowingly encourage the emergence of new identities.
Which of the following terms did Freud use very broadly to refer to many physical sources of pleasure?
a. Eros and Thanatos b. psyche and ego ideal c. sex and erotic d. fixation and sublimation