Oral and written tests measure different aspects of achievement

Research on smokers who have quit shows that

a. once a smoker quits, he or she is unlikely to relapse. b. people go through stages in their readiness to quit. c. most of those who have quit have used professional treatment programs. d. all current smokers are psychologically equivalent in terms of their willingness to quit.

In Gardner's view,

A) intelligence is completely determined by biological factors. B) culture plays no role in the development of intelligence. C) culture interacts with an individual's profile of intelligences. D) children's private and social speech influence intelligence.