What is the required oxidation state (valence) of iron that enables it to bind to a chromogen in most spectrophotometric assays?

A hypertonic solution:

A) Can cause shrinking of red blood cells. B) Can cause swelling of blood cells. C) Has the same concentration as red blood cells. D) Minimizes patient discomfort and red blood cell damage.

What is the correct route of administration of Westhroid?

A) Oral B) Subcutaneous injection C) Buccal D) IV injection