Vertical contracts between manufacturers and retailers often aim to
a. Prevent the manufacturers from upstream price discrimination
b. Reward the manufacturer for undertaking the risk inherent in introducing a new product
c. Serve as a "signal" of the manufacturer's belief of the likely success of his product
d. All of the above
c
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Because the sale of goods and services generates income for the sellers,
A) GDP is unaffected by such exchanges. B) national income will usually by greater than GDP. C) national income will essentially equal GDP. D) national income will increase, but GDP will decrease. E) sales taxes must be subtracted from GDP.
The investment rate is the percentage of total output allocated to
A. The production of new plants, equipment, and structures. B. Education and training for the workforce. C. Consumer retirement accounts. D. Saving.