A pitfall in most causal-comparative research studies is:

Professor Chapstick wears a scarf that has pictures of snakes eating rats while she lectures her students about a particular chapter of material

Many of her students have a slight fear or repulsed feeling looking at her scarf, because they are not comfortable with snakes. According to the state-dependent memory effect, under which of the following circumstances would the students perform the best on the exam? a) if Professor Chapstick does not wear her scarf during the exam b) if Professor Chapstick does wear her scarf during the exam c) if Professor Chapstick is not in the room during the exam d) if Professor Chapstick lays the scarf on the table, but does not wear it during the exam

Which of the following is NOT one of Ainsworth's four patterns of attachment?

a) secure attachment b) avoidant attachment c) anxious attachment d) disorganized attachment