When should a parent begin toilet training?
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer would include the following key points:
• There are competing philosophies regarding the timing of toilet training with some advocating an early process and others suggesting parents wait until the child indicates a readiness.
• Physical considerations
• No bladder or bowel control until 12 months
• Only slight control between 12 and 18 months
• Readiness may be indicated between 18 and 24 months, others as late as 30 months
• Readiness signs:
• Staying dry at least two hours at a time during day or waking up dry after naps
• Regular and predictable bowel movements
• Words or facial expressions that convey the need to urinate or move bowels
• Ability to follow simple directions; to dress and undress
• Emotional readiness-no resistance to the process
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Which of the following statements is true about genotypes?
A) They are directly observable characteristics. B) They always pair up in the same way across the DNA ladder rungs. C) They are rodlike structures in the cell nucleus that transmit genetic information. D) They are a complex blend of genetic information that influences all our unique characteristics.
A study by Rips (1989) on sorps and doons found that
a) in the accident condition, similarity ratings were lowered more than categorization ratings. b) in the accident condition, categorization ratings were lowered more than similarity ratings. c) in the accident condition, similarity and categorization ratings were the same. d) in the essence condition, similarity ratings were lowered more than categorization ratings.