If Bank A holds $200 in reserves, deposits are $1000, and the desired reserve ratio is 15 percent, how much are excess reserves?

A curve that shows the price level at which firms in the economy are willing to produce different levels of goods and services and the resulting level of real income is called:

A) aggregate demand. B) aggregate supply. C) potential output. D) natural rate of unemployment.

Refer to Scenario 10.9. What level of output maximizes the sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus?

A) 0 B) 30 C) 45 D) 60 E) none of the above