Classical conditioning is to _____ as operant conditioning is to _____
a) Pavlov; Skinner
b) Skinner; Pavlov
c) Pavlov; Watson
d) Watson; Pavlov
ANS: A, Classical conditioning was originally founded by Ivan Pavlov. The work and theories of B.F. Skinner are often described as being the origins of operant conditioning.
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Recent evidence suggests that
A) most children show a steady rate of word learning that continues through the preschool years. B) toddlers undergo an initial spurt in vocabulary around 18 months. C) toddlers transition from a faster to a slower language learning pace around 18 months. D) most toddlers experience a decline in their ability to categorize experiences by the middle of the second year.
Which of the following is an example of a self-concept?
a. Brady views other people as highly successful. b. Jill views herself as caring and compassionate. c. Antonia conceptualizes the self as being distinct from the body. d. Leonardo believes that Marshall is a greedy person.