A 78-year-old nursing home patient is found to have severe pedal edema. His neck veins are flat. No adventitious sounds are present in the lung fields. There is no abdominal distention. The patient reportedly spends 12 to 14 hours a day sitting in front of the TV with his feet in a dependent position. The edema of his ankles and feet probably results from:

Which one of the following statements made by an EMT shows he understands the use of the pocket mask?

A) "Although the pocket mask is very effective at ventilating a patient, the EMT is directly exposed to secretions from the patient." B) "In comparison to the bag-valve mask, the pocket mask can deliver a just as good, if not better, tidal volume." C) "When using the pocket mask to ventilate a patient, the EMT must make sure that the reservoir bag is in place." D) "The EMT must remove the oral airway and replace it with a nasal airway when ventilating with a pocket mask."

When you are assessing or managing an older patient, you should:

a. use physical contact to compensate for loss of sight or hearing. b. talk more loudly than normal because most of the elderly have hearing loss. c. separate the patient from friends or family as quickly as possible to reduce anxiety. d. call the patient "dear" or "honey" to make the patient feel cared for.