When does the atrial kick begin?
a. Just before atrial systole
b. During atrial repolarization
c. During the impulse delay in the atrioven-tricular node
d. Simultaneously with ventricular excitation
ANS: C
As the impulse travels through the atrioventricular node, there is a 100-ms delay in conduction. This delay is important because it allows the atria to become fully depolarized and contract be-fore ventricular excitation begins. This allows the atria to contract and empty, which has been dubbed atrial kick, contributing to optimal ventricular filling.
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