Unlike firms that sell stock in financial markets, which are known as ________ firms, companies which do not sell stock in financial markets are known as ________ firms

New growth theory argues that

A) growth relies on maintaining lower growth rates of population, especially in less developed countries. B) technology cannot be looked at as an outside factor without an explanation of what drives it. C) technology is the key factor that explains growth but technology is beyond economic explanation itself. D) growth is due to the proper government policies concerning interest rates.

An increase in the rate of interest paid on reserves would be an example of:

A. expansionary policy that increases the demand for reserves and reduces short-term interest rates. B. contractionary policy that increases the demand for reserves and raises short-term interest rates. C. expansionary policy that increases the demand for reserves and raises short-term interest rates. D. contractionary policy that reduces the supply of reserves and raises short-term interest rates.