The proponents of rational expectations believe that
a. there will be a substantial time lag before people anticipate the eventual effects of a shift to a more expansionary macro-policy.
b. macro-policies that stimulate demand and place upward pressure on the general level of prices will temporarily increase output and employment.
c. the inflationary side effects of expansionary policies will be anticipated quickly, and therefore, even their short-run effects on real output and employment will be minimal.
d. discretionary changes in macro-policy can be made in a manner that will reduce the economic ups and downs of a market economy.
C
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The part of consumption that is independent of disposable income is called
A) autonomous consumption. B) fixed consumption. C) automatic consumption. D) personal consumption.
Firms are organized to keep their costs as low as possible by
A) comparing external transactions costs with internal operating cost. B) analyzing supply and demand conditions. C) minimizing their use of borrowed funds. D) utilizing the latest technology.