Which of the following best describes Skinner’s view of punishment?

a. Punishment differs from reinforcement only in terms of the direction of behavioral change it produces.
b. Punishment should be avoided at all costs.
c. Punishment is vastly different from reinforcement in its long-term impact.
d. Punishment is most effective when severe and frequent.

C

Psychology

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A__________ period refers to the optimal time period when the normal development of a particular skill must take place

A) maturation B) initiation C) sensitive D) fast-mapping

Psychology

A difference between experimental and control groups, other than the independent variable, is a _____ variable

A) confounding B) dependent C) false D) placebo

Psychology