Which of the following philosophers' writings was safeguarded throughout the Middle Ages by Arab scholars and caused great intellectual challenges in the West once released?

The exposition of a sonata form always __________

a) begins with pervading imitation b) modulates to a secondary key area c) uses word-painting to create drama d) begins in a major mode

Theme-and-variations form may be schematically outlined as ________.

A. AA'A''A'''A'''' B. ABACADA C. AABB D. ABA